Network architecture refers to the design and layout of a computer network. It includes the arrangement of its various components. CAT cables play a crucial role in network architecture by providing the physical connections that enable data transmission between devices.

"Bandwidth" refers to the maximum data transfer rate of a network or internet connection, measured in bits per second (bps). It determines how much data can be transmitted in a given amount of time. Higher bandwidth allows for faster data transfer, enabling smoother streaming, faster downloads, and better overall network performance.


Low bandwidth in a network can lead to various issues, including:

  • Slow data transfer and downloads
  • Poor quality of video and audio streaming
  • Delayed or dropped VoIP calls
  • Limited capacity for simultaneous users
  • Sluggish response times for web browsing and applications.

How to fix 10/100Mbps link connectivity for RAY devices.

The bandwidth availability depends on multiple scenarios, some are mentioned below. 

Kindly do the needful troubleshooting mentioned along with the issues.
 
1. Type of cables 
     The type of CAT cable used can impact network speed, reliability, and overall performance. They are used to link computers, servers, switches, and other network components, forming the backbone of the network infrastructure.

There are mainly three types of CAT cables used in networking:

  • CAT5: Supports speeds up to 100 Mbps.
  • CAT5e: Enhanced version of CAT5, supports speeds up to 1 Gbps.
  • CAT6: Supports speeds up to 10 Gbps over shorter distances than CAT5 and CAT5e.

For reference see the below tables for details on the Categories of UTP Cables: 

Category 

 Bandwidth

 Speed     

  Use

1

1.4 MHz  1 Mbps    Telephone wire

2

4 MHz           4 Mbps          Transmission Lines

3

16 MHz16 Mbps  10BaseT Ethernet

4

20 MHz 20 Mbps  Used in Token Ring

5

100 MHz         100 Mbps   100BaseT Ethernet

5

100 MHz     1 Gbps    Gigabit Ethernet

5e

100 MHz   1 Gbps  Gigabit Ethernet

6

250 MHz   10 Gbps  Gigabit Ethernet

7

600 MHz  10 Gbps       Gigabit Ethernet

7a

1 GHz  Up to 10 Gbps   Gigabit Ethernet

8

2 GHz 25 Gbps to up to 40 Gbps Datacenters

2. Type of switch ports 

    It allows you to specify the type of port, such as Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, or Fiber, and to configure various settings for that port.

 

2.1. Fast Ethernet:

  • Fast Ethernet is a wired technology standard that operates at speeds of up to 100 Mbps (megabits per second).
  • It is an older technology that is still commonly used in older networks or for connecting devices that do not require high bandwidth.

2.2. Gigabit Ethernet:

  • Gigabit Ethernet is a wired technology standard that operates at speeds of up to 1000 Mbps (gigabits per second).
  • It is a more modern technology that is used in newer networks and for connecting devices that require high bandwidth, such as servers or workstations.

2.3.Fiber:

  • Fiber optic technology uses light signals to transmit data over optical fibers.
  • Fiber optic connections can provide extremely high bandwidth and are often used for long-distance connections or for connecting high-performance devices.

3. Cable length between devices.
    The cable length between devices in a network depends on the type of cable being used. For Ethernet cables, the maximum length for a single cable segment is 100 meters. However, this can be extended using network devices such as switches or repeaters. Fiber optic cables can support longer distances, often ranging from hundreds of meters to several kilometers, depending on the specific type of fiber and networking equipment used.


4. Cable connections and crimping
Cable crimping is the process of affixing a connector to the end of a cable to create a secure and reliable connection. This is commonly done with Ethernet cables, where the connector is crimped onto the cable using a specialized tool, ensuring proper contact between the wires and the connector pins.

The primary reason for restricted bandwidth is improper crimping (e.g. 2 pairs are not connected out of 4pairs). 

About the twisted pairs, we can see in the below image, that we have 4 pairs of wires.


5. Switch configurations
When configuring a switch port, you can specify the port type (Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, or Fiber) and configure various settings such as:
  • Port speed: The speed at which the port operates.
  • Duplex mode: The mode in which the port operates, either half-duplex or full-duplex.
  • Flow control: The method used to control the flow of data between devices.
  • VLAN membership: The VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) to which the port belongs. 
By configuring the switch ports appropriately, you can optimize the performance of your network and ensure that devices can communicate effectively.

In brief, to fix bandwidth in RAY devices kindly do the needful troubleshooting from your end.
1. Type of cables used, make sure you are using compatible cables for connecting the switch to APs.
2. Type of switch ports, make sure the type of ports is the same on the switch (FastEthernet, GigabitEthernet, Fiber, etc.)
3. Cable length between devices, It should be less than 100m.
4. Recheck crimping, make sure crimping is done properly
5. Check the interface details of the switch end.
 

    Thanks

    Ray Support

    support.ray.life

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